Semaglutide Reference

GLP-1 agonist · FDA approved

StatusFDA approved
Typical vials2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg
Dose range0.25 mg to 2.4 mg
FrequencyOnce weekly
Half-life~7 days
Dosing unitmilligrams
RouteSubcutaneous injection

What Semaglutide is

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist, FDA approved as Ozempic for type 2 diabetes (maximum 2.0 mg weekly) and Wegovy for weight management (maximum 2.4 mg weekly). With a half-life of about one week it is dosed once weekly, and a missed dose barely dents the steady-state level.

The doses in the table are the Wegovy escalation steps, the schedule most compounded semaglutide protocols mirror.

Reconstitution math

Concentration is everything: the same 5 mg vial gives a different draw for every amount of bacteriostatic water you add. The table uses the common 2 mL setup for each vial size, which puts every unit on a U-100 insulin syringe at 25 mcg for the default vial. Dashes mark draws too small to measure or larger than the syringe.

VialBAC waterConcentration0.25 mg0.5 mg1 mg1.7 mg2.4 mg
2 mg2 mL1 mg/mL25 u50 u100 u--
5 mg2 mL2.5 mg/mL10 u20 u40 u68 u96 u
10 mg2 mL5 mg/mL5 u10 u20 u34 u48 u
15 mg2 mL7.5 mg/mL3.3 u6.7 u13.3 u22.7 u32 u
Semaglutide syringe drawsDRAW GUIDEEach dose as a filled syringe5 mg vial + 2 mL bacteriostatic water = 0.25 mg per 0.1 mL (10 units).0102030405060708090100units on a U-100 insulin syringe0.25 mg10 u (0.1 mL)0.5 mg20 u (0.2 mL)1 mg40 u (0.4 mL)1.7 mg68 u (0.68 mL)2.4 mg96 u (0.96 mL)peprecon.com
Draw positions for the common doses at the default setup.

Dosing and protocol

Wegovy titration: 0.25 to 2.4 mg weekly, four weeks per step.

The 0.25 and 0.5 mg starting steps are small: on a 5 mg vial with 2 mL of water they come to 10 and 20 units on an insulin syringe. If your draws land under 5 units, add more water rather than eyeballing a 2-unit draw; the reverse calculator solves for the volume that puts your dose on a clean mark.

Semaglutide titration scheduleDOSINGThe published escalation, step by stepDose per injection (weekly), from the schedule cited below.012mg159131721week0.250.511.72.4maintenancepeprecon.com
Each step is held before escalating; the final dose continues as maintenance.

Pharmacokinetics

Semaglutide has published human pharmacokinetics: peak roughly 1 to 3 days after a subcutaneous dose. The curves below are normalized one-compartment models built from the cited half-life, the same math the Planner uses. They show shape and timing, not absolute blood levels.

Semaglutide single-dose curvePHARMACOKINETICSOne dose, start to finishRelative level after one subcutaneous dose. Half-life ~7 days; about 97% cleared by 36 days.0%25%50%75%100%0102030days after injectionpeak ~4 dayshalf of peakpeprecon.com
Semaglutide accumulation with weekly dosingPHARMACOKINETICSThe same weekly dose builds for weeksRelative level with the same dose every week. Levels stop climbing around week 5.0%25%50%75%100%012345678weeks on the same weekly dosesteady statemarkers = weekly injectionspeprecon.com
Why week-one effects understate the eventual dose: levels build for weeks.

Storage and handling

Lyophilized vials keep best cold, dark, and dry; refrigeration is the community default and freezing lyophilized powder is common for long holds. After reconstitution, refrigerate at 2 to 8 C, do not freeze the solution, and date the vial. Bacteriostatic water's preservative keeps multi-dose use practical for about 28 days by USP convention, though our 120-day stability study found the preservative itself outlasts that window.

Novo Nordisk labels the pens for refrigeration with defined in-use windows (up to 56 days for Ozempic). The same refrigerate-after-mixing rule applies to reconstituted vials.

Got a certificate of analysis with your vial? Run it through our COA Reader: it reads the report in plain English, checks purity and mass against the label claim, and links the testing lab’s own verification page. Our guide to reading a COA explains what the numbers do and do not tell you.

Sources

  1. Wegovy prescribing information (Novo Nordisk, 2023)
  2. Hall et al., Clinical pharmacokinetics of semaglutide: a systematic review, Drug Des Devel Ther 2024
  3. Wilding et al., Once-weekly semaglutide in overweight or obesity (STEP 1), NEJM 2021

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