TB-500 vs GHK-Cu

Thymosin Beta-4 active fragment vs Copper tripeptide · Head-to-head comparison

Both trade on a parent molecule's reputation. GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring plasma tripeptide with cosmetic-ingredient evidence; TB-500 is a fragment of a protein that has been trialed but was not itself the thing trialed.

Side by side

 TB-500GHK-Cu
ClassThymosin Beta-4 active fragmentCopper tripeptide
StatusResearch compoundResearch compound (cosmetic use of topical forms)
RouteSubcutaneous injectionSubcutaneous injection
Typical vials2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg50 mg, 100 mg
Dose range2 mg to 5 mg1 mg to 3 mg
Frequency1 to 2 times weeklyDaily
Half-lifeNo human dataNo human data
Dosing unitmilligramsmilligrams

Pharmacokinetics

No curves are shown, on purpose.

No published human pharmacokinetics for TB-500 or GHK-Cu. Drawing one curve against an absent one would imply a comparison that cannot be made.

What the evidence supports

These grade how well each outcome has been studied in humans, never how well either compound works. A strong grade can sit on a negative result.

The strongest evidence for any claimed outcome is Human RCT for GHK-Cu and Human, observational for TB-500. That gap is the most important line on this page.

TB-500

OutcomeEvidence
Tissue repair (full-length thymosin beta-4)Human, observational
Tissue repair (TB-500 fragment)Animal only
Any outcome in humans from the fragmentNo data

GHK-Cu

OutcomeEvidence
Skin appearance, topicalHuman RCT
Wound healing, topicalHuman, observational
Gene expression changesMechanistic only
Any outcome from injectionNo data
Human RCTAt least one randomized controlled trial in people reports this outcome. The result may still have been negative.
Human, observationalReported in people without randomization: open-label, single-arm, retrospective, or case series.
Animal onlyShown in animals. No published human trial reports it.
Mechanistic onlySupported only by cell, tissue or biochemical work, or by reasoning from a related molecule.
No dataNo published evidence at any level that we could find.

How to choose

GHK-Cu is the more established of the two

Decades as a cosmetic ingredient, with human skin studies.

TB-500's human evidence belongs to thymosin beta-4

Not to the fragment being sold.

Neither supports the injury-repair use they are marketed for

GHK-Cu's evidence is skin appearance. TB-500's is animal.

At the syringe

At the default setup on each compound's own page, a 5 mg vial in 2 mL puts 25 mcg on every insulin unit, while a 50 mg vial in 5 mL puts 100 mcg on every unit. That is the number that decides whether a dose lands on a readable mark, and it is set by how much water goes in, not by the compound.

Full references